Whole-slide images (WSI) in computational pathology have high resolution with gigapixel size, but are generally with sparse regions of interest, which leads to weak diagnostic relevance and data inefficiency for each area in the slide. Most of the existing methods rely on a multiple instance learning framework that requires densely sampling local patches at high magnification. The limitation is evident in the application stage as the heavy computation for extracting patch-level features is inevitable. In this paper, we develop RLogist, a benchmarking deep reinforcement learning (DRL) method for fast observation strategy on WSIs. Imitating the diagnostic logic of human pathologists, our RL agent learns how to find regions of observation value and obtain representative features across multiple resolution levels, without having to analyze each part of the WSI at the high magnification. We benchmark our method on two whole-slide level classification tasks, including detection of metastases in WSIs of lymph node sections, and subtyping of lung cancer. Experimental results demonstrate that RLogist achieves competitive classification performance compared to typical multiple instance learning algorithms, while having a significantly short observation path. In addition, the observation path given by RLogist provides good decision-making interpretability, and its ability of reading path navigation can potentially be used by pathologists for educational/assistive purposes. Our code is available at: \url{https://github.com/tencent-ailab/RLogist}.

Vision-language foundation models pretrained on large-scale data provide a powerful tool for many visual understanding tasks. Notably, many vision-language models build two encoders (visual and textual) that can map two modalities into the same embedding space. As a result, the learned representations achieve good zero-shot performance on tasks like image classification. However, when there are only a few examples per category, the potential of large vision-language models is often underperformed, mainly due to the gap between a large number of parameters and a relatively small amount of training data. This paper shows that we can significantly improve the performance of few-shot classification by using the category names to initialize the classification head. More interestingly, we can borrow the non-perfect category names, or even names from a foreign language, to improve the few-shot classification performance compared with random initialization. With the proposed category name initialization method, our model obtains the state-of-the-art performance on a number of few-shot image classification benchmarks (e.g., 87.37\% on ImageNet and 96.08\% on Stanford Cars, both using five-shot learning). We also investigate and analyze when the benefit of category names diminishes and how to use distillation to improve the performance of smaller models, providing guidance for future research.

We present a novel neural surface reconstruction method called NeuralRoom for reconstructing room-sized indoor scenes directly from a set of 2D images. Recently, implicit neural representations have become a promising way to reconstruct surfaces from multiview images due to their high-quality results and simplicity. However, implicit neural representations usually cannot reconstruct indoor scenes well because they suffer severe shape-radiance ambiguity. We assume that the indoor scene consists of texture-rich and flat texture-less regions. In texture-rich regions, the multiview stereo can obtain accurate results. In the flat area, normal estimation networks usually obtain a good normal estimation. Based on the above observations, we reduce the possible spatial variation range of implicit neural surfaces by reliable geometric priors to alleviate shape-radiance ambiguity. Specifically, we use multiview stereo results to limit the NeuralRoom optimization space and then use reliable geometric priors to guide NeuralRoom training. Then the NeuralRoom would produce a neural scene representation that can render an image consistent with the input training images. In addition, we propose a smoothing method called perturbation-residual restrictions to improve the accuracy and completeness of the flat region, which assumes that the sampling points in a local surface should have the same normal and similar distance to the observation center. Experiments on the ScanNet dataset show that our method can reconstruct the texture-less area of indoor scenes while maintaining the accuracy of detail. We also apply NeuralRoom to more advanced multiview reconstruction algorithms and significantly improve their reconstruction quality.

Massive collection and explosive growth of the huge amount of medical data, demands effective compression for efficient storage, transmission and sharing. Readily available visual data compression techniques have been studied extensively but tailored for nature images/videos, and thus show limited performance on medical data which are of different characteristics. Emerging implicit neural representation (INR) is gaining momentum and demonstrates high promise for fitting diverse visual data in target-data-specific manner, but a general compression scheme covering diverse medical data is so far absent. To address this issue, we firstly derive a mathematical explanation for INR's spectrum concentration property and an analytical insight on the design of compression-oriented INR architecture. Further, we design a funnel shaped neural network capable of covering broad spectrum of complex medical data and achieving high compression ratio. Based on this design, we conduct compression via optimization under given budget and propose an adaptive compression approach SCI, which adaptively partitions the target data into blocks matching the concentrated spectrum envelop of the adopted INR, and allocates parameter with high representation accuracy under given compression ratio. The experiments show SCI's superior performance over conventional techniques and wide applicability across diverse medical data.

当今，分会一代成为在线视频的实用技术。本章断点使用户能够快速找到所需的零件并获得总结注释。但是，没有公共方法和数据集用于此任务。为了促进该方向的研究，我们介绍了一个名为Chapter-gen的新数据集，该数据集由大约10K用户生成的视频和带注释的章节信息组成。我们的数据收集过程是快速，可扩展的，不需要任何其他手动注释。在此数据集之外，我们设计了一个有效的基线，专门针对视频章节生成任务。捕获视频的两个方面，包括视觉动态和叙述文本。它分别将本地和全球视频功能分别用于本地化和标题生成。为了有效地解析长时间的视频，Skip滑动窗口机构旨在定位潜在的章节。并且开发了交叉注意的多模式融合模块，以汇总标题生成的本地功能。我们的实验表明，所提出的框架比现有方法取得了优越的结果，这表明即使在微调后也无法直接传输类似任务的方法设计。代码和数据集可在https://github.com/czt117/mvcg上找到。

轨迹预测对于自动驾驶汽车（AV）是必不可少的，以计划正确且安全的驾驶行为。尽管许多先前的作品旨在达到更高的预测准确性，但很少有人研究其方法的对抗性鲁棒性。为了弥合这一差距，我们建议研究数据驱动的轨迹预测系统的对抗性鲁棒性。我们设计了一个基于优化的对抗攻击框架，该框架利用精心设计的可区分动态模型来生成逼真的对抗轨迹。从经验上讲，我们基于最先进的预测模型的对抗性鲁棒性，并表明我们的攻击使通用指标和计划感知指标的预测错误增加了50％以上和37％。我们还表明，我们的攻击可以导致AV在模拟中驶离道路或碰撞到其他车辆中。最后，我们演示了如何使用对抗训练计划来减轻对抗性攻击。

使用深神经网络（DNN）的轨迹预测是自主驾驶（AD）系统的重要组成部分。但是，这些方法容易受到对抗攻击的影响，从而导致严重的后果，例如碰撞。在这项工作中，我们确定了两种关键要素，以捍卫轨迹预测模型，以防止（1）设计有效的对抗训练方法，以及（2）添加特定领域的数据增强以减轻清洁数据的性能降低。我们证明，与经过干净数据训练的模型相比，我们的方法能够在对抗数据上的性能提高46％，而在干净数据上只有3％的性能退化。此外，与现有的强大方法相比，我们的方法可以在对抗性示例中提高21％的性能，而在清洁数据上可以提高9％。我们的健壮模型与计划者一起评估，以研究其下游影响。我们证明我们的模型可以大大降低严重的事故率（例如碰撞和越野驾驶）。

对话中的情感认可（ERC）旨在检测给定对话中每种话语的情感。新提出的ERC模型利用了预培训的语言模型（PLM），并具有预训练和微调的范式，以获得良好的性能。但是，这些模型很少利用PLM的优势，并且对于缺乏明确的情感表达的对话而表现不佳。为了充分利用与话语中情感表达相关的潜在知识，我们提出了一种新颖的ERC模型Cisper，并使用新的及时和语言模型（LM）调整范式提出。具体而言，Cisper配备了及时融合与对话者的话语相关的上下文信息和常识，以更有效地实现ERC。我们的广泛实验表明，Cisper在最新的ERC模型中的出色表现以及利用这两种重要及时及时提高信息的有效性。为了方便地重现我们的实验结果，Cisper的Sourcecode和数据集已在https://github.com/deqingyang/cisper上共享。

尖峰神经网络（SNN）是第三代人工神经网络，可以在神经形态硬件上实施节能。但是，尖峰的离散传播给坚固且高性能的学习机制带来了重大挑战。大多数现有的作品仅着眼于神经元之间的学习，但忽略了突触之间的影响，从而导致稳健性和准确性丧失。为了解决这个问题，我们通过对突触（APB）（APB）之间的关联可塑性（APB）进行建模，从而提出了一种强大而有效的学习机制。使用提出的APB方法，当其他神经元同时刺激时，同一神经元的突触通过共享因素相互作用。此外，我们提出了一种时空种植和翻转（STCF）方法，以提高网络的概括能力。广泛的实验表明，我们的方法在静态CIFAR-10数据集和神经形态MNIST-DV的最新性能上实现了卓越的性能，通过轻量级卷积网络，CIFAR10-DVS数据集。据我们所知，这是第一次探索突触之间的学习方法和神经形态数据的扩展方法。

事件摄像机在挑战场景中具有巨大的潜力，因为其高度分辨率，高动态范围，低功耗和无运动模糊的优势。但是，基于事件的学习受到不足的概括能力的阻碍。在本文中，我们首先分析不同亮度变化对事件数据的影响。然后，我们提出了两种新颖的增强方法：事件逆转和eventdrift。通过将事件逆转和漂移到时空或极性域中的相应位置，提出的方法会生成受不同亮度变化影响的样品，从而改善了基于事件的学习的鲁棒性，并导致更好的概括。N-CARS，N-Caltech101和CIFAR10-DVS数据集的广泛实验表明，我们的方法是一般且非常有效的。